Seventy years ago, CNA pioneered the field of operations research and analysis. During the early part of World War II, the U.S. Navy turned to a group of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for help in responding to the German U-boat threat. Not content with studying the problem from afar these scientists insisted on deploying with Navy forces to observe firsthand the operational challenges and collect the data needed for meaningful analyses. Their groundbreaking work established operations research and analysis as a distinct field of practice and set the standard for future operational research methods.